Subsequent diversification of at least 4 lineages within the Australo-Papuan clade was rapid and occurred over the period from ~ 0.9-1.7 Mya, a finding that explains the difficulty in resolving some relationships within this clade. We also demonstrate, from a larger dataset, the usefulness of short regions of the mitochondrial genome in identifying these rats at the species level.Īnalyses of 16 mitochondrial genomes representing species sampled from Australo-Papuan and Asian clades of Rattus indicate divergence of these two groups ~2.7 million years ago (Mya). We analysed 16 mitochondrial genomes, including seven novel genomes from six species, to help elucidate the evolutionary history of the Australian rats. There are uncertainties regarding the number of species within the group and the relationships among them. This study focuses on the Australo-Papuan group and particularly on the Australian rats. As shown previously there are two major groups within the genus, an Asian and an Australo-Papuan group. The genus Rattus is highly speciose and has a complex taxonomy that is not fully resolved. While conservation efforts in the past and present have focused mainly on charismatic mammals (such as birds and large mammals), efforts specifically targeted toward less conspicuous animals (such as insular rodents) may be necessary to stem large numbers of extinctions in the near future. Rodent endemism reaches its most striking levels on large or remote oceanic islands, such as Madagascar, the Caribbean, the Ryukyu Islands, the oceanic Philippines, Sulawesi, the Galapagos, and the Solomon Islands, as well as on very large land-bridge islands, especially New Guinea. Rates of Quaternary extinction and current threat are especially high in the West Indies and the species-rich archipelagos of Southeast Asia. However, almost one in five of the world's nearly 2300 rodent species is an island endemic, and insular rodents suffer from high rates of extinction and endangerment. Lead time from order to delivery can take 3-9 months depending on the size, knot count and design complexity.Rodents on islands are usually thought of by conservationists mainly in reference to invasive pest species, which have wrought considerable ecological damage on islands around the globe. As a starting point, we can quickly create a CAD render of any design in different colours to give our clients a visual idea and put together a yarn card before producing a small sample. We can create any size or shape and work to any brief, whether it is matching to a fabric, a piece of art or picking out poms with clients at their homes. Our handloom collection comprises of a series of simple, gradated and geometric designs that are the perfect partner to our signature hand knotted collection.Įach Tania Johnson Design rug is made to order and can be produced in different knot counts, fibres and pile heights. In addition to our hand knotted rugs, we also offer handloom rugs. Every square on the weaving graph represents a knot that the weavers then produce by hand, knot by knot, requiring immense skill and patience. Her use of close tonal colours along with the complexity of Tania’s designs makes them extremely difficult to weave. Tania sends the final graph to the mill in Kathmandu where it is printed out and each colour position is then painted on by hand. This meticulous approach is reflected in every stage of the design process. Most of Tania’s designs are very detailed and she personally creates every weaving graph herself thus ensuring each design is woven exactly as specified. Tania specialises in translating her textural photographs into timeless designs, interpreting the beauty of nature in to intricately hand knotted wool and silk rugs that will last for generations.
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